INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
It should be known first that a decision is a choice where by a person forms a conclusion about a situation. Costello, 1. Wand zalkind, S.S. (2013 P. 334), confined the term decision making, to a choice process, chosen one from among several possibilities
However, election theory in Costello, T. w et al (2013, P 387) largely considers decisions asking the process of making a single choice among course of action at a particular point in time. This depicts a course of behavior about what must be done or vice versa.
Decision; however is the point at which plans, policies and objectives are translated into concrete actions. Planning engenders decisions guided by company policy and objectives, policies, procedures and programmes. The aim of decision making is to channel human behavior towards a future goal.
Decision-making is however, one of the most German activities of management. It has been the preoccupation of all the management of multifarious organization ranging from small-scale organization to multinational corporations.
Managers many at times consider decision making to be the heart of their job in that they must always choose what is to be done. Who will do it, when where and most the time now it will be done.
Traditionally, managers influence the ordinary employees and specifically, their immediate subordinates in the organization. This has resulted in managers making unnatural decision even in areas affecting their subordinates.
In Germany, around 1951, a low enacted which provides for code termination and requires labour membership in the supervisory hoard and executive committee of certain large corporations. However the participation of labour in decision making process resulted to relatively and peaceful labour management relations.
Additionally, the Japanese management uses decision making by consensus in which lower-level employees initiate the idea and submit it to the next higher-level unit it reaches the desk of the top executive. If the proposal is approved, it is returned to the initiator for implementation.
It is in this context that the research wishes to assess the impact of employee participation in decision making on organizational productivity in Nigerian public sector organizations, using FPO as a case study.
There has been lost of controversy as to whether an employee should participate in managerial decision making or not. Some writers argued that employees should contribute in making decision more especially where it affects them or their jobs. It is expected that such participation will serve as training and testing ground for future members of upper management.
In Nigeria, experts that refuted the above assertion see the arrangement as a symptom of mal- organization. They maintained that, qualified, reasonably, honest and company oriented individuals are not available at these lower organizational levels. But, the big question is, qualified individuals really available? All these underlay the need for an investigation study.
In a view to accomplishing this research work effectively the research poses the followings.
The general purpose of this empirical study is to assess the impact of employees participation in managerial decision making in public sector organization in Nigeria with reference to ANAMMCO Limited.
The specific objective are:-
The researcher formulates the following hypothesis based on the objectives and problems of this research work.
Ho: Management staff doesn’t makes decision without pre and post discussion and consultation with employees.
Hi: Management staff makes decision without pre and post discussion and consultation with employees.
Ho: The employee doesn’t participate in management decision on the productivity of the organization.
Hi: The employee participate in management decision on the productivity of the organization.
1.5 SIGNFICANCE OF THE STUDY
This research work will be relevant to the mangers and employees of ANAMMCO Company.
It will also be beneficial to other public sector organization in Nigeria. It will also be of prodigious important to government, academically potentially and future researcher on the issue of employees’ participation in managerial decision making. This empirical study is also Germane to the researcher since it is a partial requirement for the award Higher National Diploma in Public Administration and Management.
1.8 Limitations of the Study
In the course of writing and carrying out this project work, the research encountered many difficulties; some errors in the results of the research and from external sources of data collection. These are factors standing as constraints thereby limiting the effect of the research result.
Among these are, time finance , scope and use of wrong statistics in data analysis, due to time limit, the research work is a time consuming one. A lot of time is taken to observe the subjects.
Most times the behaviour of the staff changes even when they are aware that they are being observed by the researcher, this is by taking their behavior. The researcher also observed that these senior staff some time give true and false information in order to cover their branches.
At sometime the research work lasted over two months due to large scope of area of the study.
1.9 DEFINITION OF TERMS
Decision making – The selection from among alternative of a course of action.
Management – management is made up of top and middle level management. Top management includes: Rector, Deputy Rector, Registrar, Busar etc
Productivity:- A measure of how well resources are brought together in organizations and utilized for accomplishing a set of results.
Germane:- Relevant, important or pertinent.
This research work is organized in five chapters, for easy understanding, as follows. Chapter one is concern with the introduction, which consist of the (background of the study), statement of the problem, purpose of the study, research questions, significance of the study, scope of the study etc. Chapter two being the review of the related literature presents the theoretical framework, conceptual framework and other areas concerning the subject matter. Chapter three is a research methodology covers deals on the research design, area of the study, population of the study, sample and sampling techniques, methods of data collection, instruments for data collection, reliability of the instruments, validity of the instruments, distribution and retrieval of instruments and methods of data analysis. Chapter four concentrate on the data collection and analysis and presentation of finding. Chapter five gives summary, conclusion, and recommendations made of the study