CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1  BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
It is an incomecoercible that the banking system is the engine of growth in any economy its function of financial intermediation through this function, bank facilitate capital formation, lubricate the production engine eurbaries and promote economic growth.
However, bank ability to enginder economic growth and development deponds on the health, soundness and stability of the sop ean. The need for a strong, reliable and viable banking agssum is underscore by the fact the industry is one of the few sector in which the shareholders fund is only small portion of Liabilities of the enterpsies. It is therefore not supervising that the banking industry is one of the most regulated sector in any economy.
It is against this background that the control bank of Nigeria in the maiden address of its current government prof charles soludo, outline the first phase of its banking sector design a diversified, strong and reliable banking industry. This research work reviews the reason, strategies and the effect of recent reformation in the banking industry.
the primary objective of the reforms is to guarantee an efficient and sound financial system the reforms are designed to enable the banking system develop the required resilience to support the economic development of the nation of efficiently performing its function as the fulcrum of financial intermediation (Lemon 2005) This, the reform were to ensure the safety of depositors money, position banks to pla active development roles in the Nigeria economy and become major players in the sub-regional and global financial markets.
The key elements of the thirteen (13) points reform programme include.
Two of the above reform elements which have since generate some concern and reactions from various stake holders are requirement that the minimum capitalization of banks should be N25 billion with full compliance by 31st December, 2005.
Recapitalization of banking institutions through merger and acquisition.
Since the first phase of the banking sector recapitalization programme had been concluded, the main focus of their research work it to examine implementation of the programme
1.2  STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
       The focus of this study by the researcher is for indentify the effect of the recent capitalization on Nigeria banking industry Hence in the course of the study, efforts has been made to find solution to the following research problems
1.3  OBJECTIVES AND PURPOSE OF THE STUDY
       The study is to examine the effects of the recent capital base for Nigeria banks. The purpose and objectives are:
1.4  SCOPE AND LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
       The researcher intends to carryout research work on the effect of the recent bank recapitalization on banking industry using united banks for Africa Plc as a cases study.
However, the research work is limited to time, lack of recent and adequate material, unwillingness of the respondent and the case study to give adequate information.
Nevertheless effort will be made to ensure that the above limitation does not under the outcome of this research work.
1.5  SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
After completing this research work, the outcome will add to existing literature on the effects of bank recapitalization of banking industry.
More so, it will take the government of the need to soft pedilon its fiscal and monetary, policy and different economic programme which will have greater effects no the operating environment of these tank in the Longram.
Also, the research work will help to inform the public and numerous banking customers or what bank recapitalization is all about lastly, it will enrich the knowledge of researcher in the course of academic pursuit and will serve as a pool of resources to other research her who may want to benefit from it.
1.6  RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
       Based on the effect of the recent recapitalization exercise on banking industry, the researcher will use both primary and secondary source of information, primary source will include data from the bank while secondary source include textbooks, financial reports and internet materials etc.
The instrument to be employed in collecting the primary source is majorly administration of questionnaire. Sampling population are the staff and customer of united Bank for Africa Plc.
Both descriptive and inferential statistics will be employed is analyze the data collected
1.7  STATEMENT OF HYPOTHESIS
       The General hypothesis that will be tested in the course of this research is as follows:
Ho:  Recent recapitalization of the bank will not have positive effects in Nigeria banking industry
Hi:   Recent recapitalization of the bank will have positive effects in Nigeria banking industry.
1.8  DEFINITIONS OF TERMS AND CONCEPTS
      Banks:
       Banks are financial international that take deposits that are payable on demand which they use to make loans and invest in marketable securities and other financial assets and in the process create a multiple expansion of money supply for the system.
Acquisition: This is the purchasing of a controlling interest in one bank (the acquire) by an ther ban (acquired) is that the acquired consists indentity while the acquired ceases to east.
Consolidation is a sombiantion of Euro or more banks oon leas new bank in this form of merger all banks are legally dissolved and a new entity is created.
Prudential Guideline: These are the set of roles and regulation issued by the central of Nigeria and meant to ensure a safe and sound banking system.
Regulatory address: they are government establishment, the central bank of Nigeria and the Nigeria deposit insurance corporation changed with the supervision of the banks to insure that the conducting their business in the interest of the public.
Finally, chapter fine will discuss the summary conclusion and recommendation and relevance.
1.9  PLAN AND ORGANIZATION OF THE STUDY
       The research work has been divided into chapter; chapter one contains the introduction background of the study, statement of the study and the problem, objective and purpose of the study, scope and limitation of the study, significant of the study, research methodology, statement of the hypothesis. Defination of the term/ concepts plan and organization of the study.
Chapter two tract past and current literature review historical background and conceptual and issues on bank recapitalization in Nigeria, Rational for the current banking sector. Recapitalizaton In Nigeria strategies for recapitalization. Adopted by Nigeria Banks, objectives of the recent banking sector recapitalization in Nigeria policy framework and their roles on banking sector. Recapitalization in Nigeria, challenges of the recent banking recapitalization in Nigeria.
Chapter three treats case study and methodology, introduction Brief History of United Bank for Africa plc, festatement of the Research Hypothesis, sources of data collection, Administration of data collection instrument, procedure for processing collected data limitation of the study.
Chapter four discuss data presentation and analysis, introduction presentation and analysis of result, presentation and analysis of data according to research question, presentation and analysis of data according to test of Hypothesis.
Chapter five contain finding, summary, conclusion and recommendation.