1.1. BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
This concept corruption is a disease to governance and in any organization. We are going to look into what and how corrupt practices are being carried out in an organization. Most of us have an idea of what corruption is, but we don’t necessary share the same idea. That is why we need to ask the question about what corruption is. For example, do you believe giving money to seep up the procession of an application is corruption? Do you think awarding contracts to those who gave large campaign contribution is corruption? Do you think using government construction?
Corruption is not just the clearly “Bad” cases of government official skimming off money for their own benefit. It includes cases where the system don’t work well and ordinary people are left in a bind needing to give a bribe for the medicine or the licenses they need. All of the above examples of public corruption they all involve the misuse of public office for private gain in other words, they involved a government officials benefiting at the example of the tax payer or at the expense of the average person who comes into contact with the government.
No matter how the word “corruption” is perceived it denotes “decayed” and actions that borders on immorality, dishonesty, disparity, imparities or debasing actions.
The Longman dictionary of contemporary English defines corruption as “dishonesty” illegal or immoral behaviour especially from someone with power: Agoha C. (2994:129-130) posits that if a person of integrity condescends by doing things unexpected from him, he becomes corrupt.
Bribery which is both corruption and moral perversion constitute corruption what construes as corruption may be regarded otherwise by another that is to say that corruption is in the eyes of the condemned and not the beneficiary.
Corruption of course has two phases, the good and the bad, it is good to him that benefits from it and bad when is unfavorably affected by corruption.
Agoha also sees corruption “as a virus of mind need for materialism competition setting fear of denial of reward after honesty service to private and government institution, poor corruption of service”. Corruption also facilitated unemployment, poverty, extended social responsibilities as it is cased by the privileged rich.
Agbese (1994) in his book corruption is the society page 103 states “that corruption afflicts a society with the urgent need for individual material success in a development society.
Sen (1999:274) view corruption or corrupt behaviour as the violation of established rules for personal gain and profit”
Nye (1967:103) defined corruption as “a behaviour which deviate from formal duties of a public role because of private gain and regarding close family pecuniary etc”.
1.2 STATEMENT OF PROBLEMS
Corruption is such a sensitive issue that has destroyed the successful running of organizational productivity in Owerri civil service commission. In the course of research work several problems emerged which are not only fundamental but their proper understanding is very necessary. Those problems are as follows.
1.3 OBJECTIVES OF STUDY
The objectives of this research work are as follows;
1.4 research questions
1.5 STATEMENT OF HYPOTHESIS
This is a statement of facts given to research study or a research problems which is to be stated for either acceptance or rejection. Here the researcher states the hypothesis of the study by making use of alternative and null hypothesis.
Ho: There is no relationship between corrupt practices and underdevelopment of the nations economy.
Ho: There is a relationship between corrupt practices and under development of the nations economy
1.6 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
1) This research work aims at exposing the causes of corruption in any organization so that when one is involves in the act an observer realized that he is in the act (corruption)
2) It goes a long way revealing that corruption brings about under development, poverty to nations and it is well seen as an evil winds that blows no society good.
3) It also aim at identifying the consequences of corruption in any economy and in Nigeria public service.
4) This research work also aim at the researcher to know why people engage in corrupt practices in Nigeria.
5) This research work also aims at the researcher all the necessary medicines to effective control of corruption.
1.7 SCOPE OF THE STUDY
The scope of this research work is limited within Imo state (civil service commission)
1.8 LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
The following are constraints/limitation to this research work.
1) Finance: This research work is limited by short supply of finance which is needed for my transportation to various respondents or interview to the researcher and also for the course of interview.
2) Time: This research work is also limited by time which is required for interview of the respondents and movement for collection of data and the time given for corruption of this research suspicion of the respondents. It is also limited by the suspicious of the response who may not give objective answer to the question thrown to them because of fear of being implicated.
1.9 DEFINITION OF TERMS
CORRUPTION: This is the act of falling rectitude through indecent behaviour and bribery.
ORGANIZATION: These are processing units transform certain input from the environment into specified output desired society.
PRODUCTIVITY: Efficiency in production of life and properties or in societal measure by comparing the amount of peace produced with the time taken.
PUBLIC SERVICE: This is the service of the federation or state in respect of any capacity including staff of national and state assembly, judicial and commission established by government, statutory corporation, government, educational institution, government owned companies, armed forces police and staff.
SYSTEM: A group of things or parts working together as a whole. A set of ideas, theories, procedure etc according to which it is done.
MISMANAGEMENT: To manage wrongly or badly by destroying things.
INEFFICIENCY: An organization or a country failing to make best used of the available time and resources.