Training is aimed at helping an employee to acquire basic skills that would help in performing assigned task. Nwachuku (2006). The objective of every organization whether a manufacturing or service rendering organizations require fundamental pulling of human, material and financial resources to accomplished the desired organizational output. However, all other resources cannot be properly articulated for actualization of desired goal without the support of human resources, therefore, Likert cited (Ezeani, 2006) states that all activities of any establishment are initiated and determined by the person who make the initiation, plants offices, computers, automated requirement will be unproductive except with human effort. As a result of indispensable of the human resources, training programs are needed to improve the employee’s performance in his/her current job. Training can occur before a new employee start a job or during the tenure (Dessler, 2012).
The transfer process has become broader and more sophisticated. This is because of the completion and dynamic environment where there is increase in technological advancement. Therefore, as the environment especially business environment changes people present in such environment have to change with it in order to move the pace of the responsibility of training and developing their work force so that they can fit the jobs they are given in order to perform efficiently.
One of the ways by which organisations respond to change is manpower training and development. This makes manpower development to be a common phenomenon in most corporate organisations not only in this but other profit and non profits objectives.
Manpower training and development constitute a major aspect of the performance of any employees as it affects the way they behave and perform in the organisation. Many employees have failed in their organization because their needs for training and development were no identified and provided for as an indispensable part of the management function. This, the effect of training and development is meant for achieving employee productivity which is a function of ability, will and situational factors.
The aim of every reputable organization therefore is to develop an active, effective and appropriate workforce so as to achieve its organizational goal and objectives.
In a number of cases, lack of power training could be very costly and lead to a loss of productive ability and consequent short fall in target returns to the organisation. The management as a part of its duty in the organisation should contend to maintain a highly qualified workforce, an indispensable potential in the drive towards increased productivity and overall goal actualization. Training is therefore the acquisition of the technology which allows employees to perform their task satisfactory or to some specified standards. In essence, the emphasis of training is on the acquisition of new predetermined behaviour, the basic premise of training that it concerns people already employed and whose job are sufficiently defined that we are able to identify the appropriate job behaviours. The focus should be on enabling the individual to perform more efficiently on the new one. Training may be needed if a person hired without requisite skills, attitudes or after being on the job, performance differences were identified which are amendable to encourage the maintenance of a stable workforce, which has a reasonable level of job enrichment and training. The importance of manpower training and development to an organisation, individual and nation cannot be over emphasized.
In the public sector for instance the federal government of Nigeria attaches importance to manpower training and demonstrates this by offering or embarking by training scholarship and also encourages state government to operate training schemes. Also federal government established industrial training funds where individual industries are required to train and develop staff and recover a certain proportion of their contribution to the found. The realization of this is to fill the vacuums created due to staff turnover and to some extent to meet the requirement of the industrial training fund. Both the federal and state governments recognized the importance of training and development in the development of the workforce and entire nation.
Therefore, efforts have been made by government and corporate bodies as well as private sectors to raise the standard of manpower training and development in the country. Some of these efforts include expansion of facilities in higher institutions e.g. colleges of education, polytechnics and universities for training of both senior and middle level management staff.
some of which include the following establishment of Nigerian Council of Management and Administrative Staff Colleges of Nigeria (ASCON) establish in 1971, 1972, and 1973 respectively.
The appreciable efforts on the part of corporate bodies such as Nigerian Institute of Management (NIM) center for management development and the administrative staff college provide facilities for training and developing highest echelons of the economy to make it vibrant and productive.
The purpose of training and development is to ensure cross fertilization of ideas and ensure and widen frontier of knowledge and skill.
Whatever the size of the operation, consideration ought to be given to the benefits that can be derived from various training activities, successful training in any area requires accurate assessment of needs, the development of specific goals utilization of effective training techniques, programmes design and follow up.
In addition, it is always easier for people to learn fresh material correcting than for them to correct poor techniques and job skills.
However, the methods used should be such that it is concerned both with time and cost.
Human resource management is an integral part of management of any establishment. Failure of any company to take human resource issues seriously is a great problem. This work is aimed at looking at likely problems in NBC (Plc) as regard human resource and how those problems can be resolved. One of which is:
The perception of employees on training has a greater impact on the success of any organization. If the employees are satisfied with the training policies of the organization, this will have a positive impact on the organization’s productivity. The perception or attitude of employees is transformed into positive or negative behaviour. How do the employees see employee training policies of the organization? How seriously does the Management take the Training Policy of its organization? Some see training and development as a waste of time and resources that would have been employed in the production of goods and services that will yield profit to the organization. Sometimes, the fear that an employee could leave the organization after training affects the employees training and sometimes makes it unplanned and unsystematic.
The main objective of the study is to examine the impact of training on employee performance. The specific objectives of the study are to:
This research is attempted to answer the following questions:
1.5 Research Hypothesis
Hypothesis is a logically linked body of ideas or proposition or suggestions put toward for reasoning on or explanation of a phenomenon. We have two types of hypothesis.
H 1
Ho: Manpower training and development policies of Nigerian bottling company Plc has no significant impact on employees performance.
1.6 Significance of the Study
This research work will be important to the company concerned i.e. Nigeria Bottling Company (PLC) Maiduguri, government institution and the general public. They significance of this research work can be viewed from three angles that:
Training and development applies not only to new employees but also to experienced people as well. It can help employees increase their level of performance and hence increase productivity which invariably leads to increase in profit for the industry concerned. It will help the management of the company to identify training needs of their workers. Training and development are also important to the individual in that it would help him/her to possess useful skills, which enhance his/her value to the employer and increase his/her job security. Training may also qualify employer for promotion which increase their pay.
Training leads to increase in productivity and thereby serving as tools for economic development in the country. Hence, it contributes to the increase in the standard of living.
1.7 Scope of Study
This study covers manpower training and development of the staff of Nigeria Bottling Company Plc. Maiduguri.
It also covers all the various employees in the organisation ranging from executive management, middle management, supervisors and the rest of the workers in the organisation.
1.8 Plan of Work
The research study comprises of five chapters; chapter consists of background to the study, statement of the problem, objectives of the study, research questions, hypothesis, significance of the study, scope of the study and organization of chapters.
Chapter two consists of conceptual definition within the contents of the topic, literature review in line with specific objectives, empirical studies and theoretical framework. Chapter three deals with study area, sources of data, population of the study, sampling techniques and sample size, method of data collection and method of data analysis.
Chapter four comprises of data presentation, data analysis and discussion of major findings. Chapter five which is the last chapter comprises of summary, conclusion and recommendations.