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THE ROLE OF NIGERIAN CIVIL SERVICE IN NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT (A CASE OF ANAMBRA STATE CIVIL SERVICE)

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Abstract

This research work is focused on the role of civil service in national development of Nigeria (A study of Anambra state civil service commission) it identify basic concepts, issues and impact of the civil service in Nigeria. The research observed that civil service are not performing its duties as expected, due to some inherent problems like political instability, political interference, negative attitude to work etc, that made the research civil service reform abysmally. Some questions were asked which is considered accordingly as listed hereunder. Does the civil service really bring development? What role does civil service play in the government? Some related literatures were reviewed and relevant facts were gotten. The study made use of survey research method to know the real impact of civil service in Nigeria. The theoretical framework used in the study is the organizational management theory (Administrative theory).

1.1     BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

The entire evolution of civil service has being dated to the ancient civilization time. Civil service is a specialized body of government that executes the policies, decisions and programmes, it also offers advice to the government on policy matters. The inefficiency on the part of the civil service of any  country, however, affects the effectiveness of the government of that country in providing the needs for its citizenry.

Although public service has a wider scope of service than civil service. All civil servants are public servant but not all public servants are civil servants.

Civil service is the component of the large public service which is centrally placed to provide guidance, advice, general supervision and coordination of government operation both at the state and federal levels. The role of civil service are largely conditional and determined by the character of the state. In Nigeria its changing roles in the societies. As an instrument of the state and part and parcel of the executive arm of government, the civil service is structured and organized towards the realization of the aims and objectives of the state in the society.

During the British rule in  Nigeria, the roles of the civil service were geared towards the realization of her majesty imperial objectives in the country. In the early period of this era, the service was essentially a peace keeping institution in the country. In the early period of this era, the service was essentially a peace keeping institution pre-occupied with maintains law and order and the replacement of the pre-capitalist mode and way of life. The civil service in Nigeria carried over the tradition, norms and neutrality of the departing colonial over lords a tradition and culture suitable only to a government whose pre-occupation was the maintenance of law and order than the promotion of the material and social needs of the people. The primary role of the civil service in Nigeria and similar societies, whether in terms of advising the political leaders or the government of the day in policy formulation or in the execution of the policies and programmes made by them, is to serve as a veritable instrument and faithful hand work of both the domestic and international capital for the realization of the goals and objectives of the state. Civil service include dealing with international finance institution, international leading bodies and non governmental organization. The adoption of the national development plan by Nigeria has put enormous responsibility on the shoulders of the civil servants they are executed to make sectoral analysis of the economy, identify potential and promising social and economic projects and programmes, engage in process of development planning in micro studies of programmes and project and evaluation of the political, social economic and technical implication of the activities of the civil service in Nigeria were all geared towards private accumulation and expansion of capital irrespective of the type of government in the country.

 

1.2     STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

Going down many lanes, civil service had contributed enormously to the development of Anambra state. The role of the civil service in Anambra state has become the giant strides seriously needed to take the state to amiable level. Civil service is Panacea for all these short coming in the state, especially in the area of policy, decision, initiative and implementation, administrative, contimity, policy decision formulation, execution of policy, its analysis and evaluation.

Civil service is very crucial to Anambra state especially now that the state is driving forth to become one among the league of developed economy come year 2020, and inspite of the fact these lapses of problems in the role of civil service, the state still crave for development locally and internally.

1.4     RESEARCH QUESTIONS

1)      To ascertain if the recruitment of the civil servants in Anambra state are based on merit

2)      To find out if there is poor attitude to work and institutional conservation within the civil service.

To find out if there is acrimony between the political leaders and career officers of the civil service.

To ascertain the level of effectiveness in the civil service as it affects development in Anambra state.

 

1.4     PURPOSE OF THE STUDY

The purpose of this study is

1. To ascertain the level of effectiveness in the civil service as it affects development in Anambra state.
2. To find out if there is acrimony between the political Leaders and career officers of the civil service.
3. To find if there is poor attitude to work and institutional conservation within the civil service.
4. To ascertain if the recruitment of civil servants in Anambra state are based on merit.

 

 

1.5     SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

The civil service as a component of the large public service has it relevance both for practical and academic purpose due to the impact they have played and about to play in future. The result of this study cannot be underestimated because the outcome will be beneficial to the government, particularly in the areas of policy making and policy induction. The civil servants will also benefit from it as it will enable them understand the extent the job have been performed.

This study will also contribute significantly to the already existing body of knowledge. The public administration students  will find work very useful.

 

1.6     SCOPE OF THE STUDY

The scope of this study stream lines the role of the civil service and its effects in the development of the states, using Anambra state civil service commission as a case study. It also covers the problems that militate against the effectiveness implementation of the roles of the civil service in Anambra state. Like red-tapism in the civil service administration, delay in decision making and implementation of programmes, lack of expertise or technocrats in the civil service, negligence to duty, inadequate facilities for man power graining and development (capacity building). Despite the aforementioned constraints in civil service, the civil service has contributed enormously in the development of Anambra state, the civil service has been the life wire of the government, are responsible for continuity in the administration of the state, they also assist in policy initiative and implementation. They do guard  the government in the arrangement and drafting of the state’s annual budget.

 

1.7     LIMITATION OF THE STUDY

The limitation of this study lines the role of the civil service as its effects in the development of the state. Using Anambra state service commission as a case study. It covers such area like for leadership quality and lack of quantitative man power, poor remuneration of salary of civil servants, poor attitude to work, lack of expertise or technocrat in the civil service. The civil service has contributed enormously in the development of Anambra state, and therefore should not be left to suffer some certain problem, hence it is the life wire of government.

 

1.8     DEFINITION OF TERMS

1. a) Acrimony: Is bitterness and anger about something.
2. b) Civilization: Is a human society with its own social organization and culture, societies it is the state of having and advanced level of social organization and a comfortable way of life.
3. c) Conservatism: The tendency to resist great or sudden change in politics.
4. d) Constraints: A manner that is not natural or relevant. A thing that limits or restricts.
5. e) Enormous: Extremely large in size, amount or degree.
6. f) Nepotism: If some use their power or authority to get jobs or other benefits for members of the family, you prefer to this action as nepotism or the practice among people or influence or favouring their own relatives by given them jobs, achieve promotion through nepotism.
7. g) Overhaul: To examine carefully and thoroughly and make any necessary changes or repairs.
8. h) Remuneration: Is the payment that is made up to someone for work they have done.

1.9  Organization of the Study

This research work is organized in five chapters, for easy understanding, as follows. Chapter one is concern with the introduction, which consist of the (background of the study), statement of the problem, purpose of the study, research questions, research hypotheses, significance of the study, scope of the study etc. Chapter two being the review of the related literature presents the theoretical framework, conceptual framework and other areas concerning the subject matter.     Chapter three is a research methodology covers deals on the research design and methods adopted in the study. Chapter four concentrate on the data collection and analysis and presentation of finding.  Chapter five gives summary, conclusion, and recommendations made of the study