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WORKERS MORALE AND PRODUCTIVITY IN ANAMBRA STATE. (A STUDY OF AGUATA LOCAL GOVERNMENT COUNCIL) (2014-2019)

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Abstract

Workers morale and productivity in Anambra state. It is very pertinent to the workers morale to enhance greater level of productivity. Any organization that has no consideration on how the morale of the workers can be improved is liable to face a lower level of productivity. This strategy is adopted to increase the employer/employee relationship and if it can be achieved it is by giving incentives like free part allowance and in fact make them have a sense of belongings. Workers morale has been one of the main strategies adopted in most of our organizations in Nigeria, because it is a process by which workers get motivated in order to enhance productivity services effectively. This prospect has been a broad area of concern to most of our existing firms or organization who do not know how to get workers motivated thereby improving their morale and productivity.

1.1     Background of the Study

          In every organization set-up, indispensable groups are discernible. These groups are known as the employees and the employers. They both constitute the point upon which the activities of the organization revolves. It is said that area of the most common mutual interest where employees and employers may co-operate consciously, the advantage of them consist of improving the morale of the workers, promoting efficiency and productivity, eliminating waste, reducing  cost of maintenance.

Every organization is set-up to attain in some definite objectives. These objectives which have to be accomplished through the instrumentality of the above mentioned groups often include high productivity. To do this, management has to organize its resources to achieve maximum performance.

One of this resource is of course human beings, while the output of some factors like machine may be predetermined activities involving people are not calculated precisely for even if they are, the result may vary due to what is known as human element. How well a job is done depends on the rewards attached to the workforce. The word reward in its own stresses has complete meaning. But due to the result of research on human behaviour in work situation, we are able to realize that wage or salary is mainly one of the important needs of the workers.

Every workers at work requires the organization to treat him not just like a community but like a human being of high reasoning.

Workers have certain inalienable right as important as those of their employer and it is the duty of the organization to recognize these rights.

It is obvious that the workers have needs, which the work situation may or may not satisfy. The degree of satisfaction and dissatisfaction will be reflected not only in measured work but also in the morale  of workers. The maximization of personnel contribution of the entire human element in an organization  is the major objectives of the organization which  is implemented not only through the whole management process itself. How those people are organized directly influence their morale.

1.2     Statement of the Problem

Workers morale and productivity in an organization has been the main study or way to increase the shareholders wealth. The workers are forced with lots of problems concerning the workers morale and productivity in the organization and with  regards to these problems, the researcher wants to find answers to the following problems:

1. To what extent can high commitment and social process of motivating workers help in improving workers performance in an organization?
2. In what ways can workers morale and productivity be improved in an organization?
3. Can waste and redundancy be eliminated in an organization?
4. Can the cost of maintenance be reduced and at the same time, quality of the service be improved?

1.3     Research Questions

This study will address itself to finding answer to the following questions:

1. How can high commitment and social process of motivating workers to perform effectively help in workers performance in Anambra state?
2. What ways can workers morale and productivity be improved in an organization?
3. How can waste and redundancy be eliminated in an organization?
4. Can the cost of maintenance be reduced and at the same time, the quality of service be improved?

1.4     Purpose of the Study

The rational for conducting this research work lies in the suspected high degree of dissatisfaction which reduce the workers morale towards productivity and its effects on productivity.

For the purpose of this research, the researcher wants to ascertain the following:

1. To know if high commitment can help in improving organizational performance and also if social process of motivating workers to perform effectively can help.
2. To ascertain the ways through which workers morale and productivity can be improved in an organization.
3. To know how waste and redundancy can be eliminated in an organization.
4. To find out the ways at which the cost of maintenance can be reduced and at the same time, the quality of service be improved.

In other words, it is believed that at the end of this research work, the researcher will be able to know the strategies at which the morale and productivity of workers can be improved in the organization using Aguata local government council.

1.6    Significance of the Study

The importance of the study is that at the end of the investigation into the strategies for improving workers morale and productivity. It is very important to both an organization and employees as well as government. It is a very sensitive issue to an organization and it is important to an organization in the sense that if an employee’s moral is well improved, there will be increase in the productivity thereby meeting the set goals. With good strategies in improving workers moral, there will be high productivity. The researcher would have thrown more light on the problems caused by low morale among the workers and also level the motivational strategies that would be adopted to increase workers moral and productivity.

Secondly, the managers would know the management techniques they would employ to pull their workers towards achieving organizational objectives and facilitates mutual understanding between the managers, supervisors and his subordinates.

Thirdly, the workers should also understand that they should set goals for themselves if they are to win the love and benefits from the organization.

1.7    Scope of the Study

The study is restricted to Aguata local government council. Workers morale and productivity in Anambra state will be theoretically determined. Geographically, it is limited to Aguata local government council.

1.8    Limitations of the Study

As this study is a challenging one, the challenge was taken which brought the use of face to face interview with other intervening constraints as now stated below:

1. Time constraint: under normal situations, research worker require much time for collection of valid information and other relevant materials to make the study a thorough one, but this was not the case with this study. This is because, it was being conducted at a time when the researcher had to attend lectures and at the same time prepare for compilation and submission of this study, which was grossly inadequate for a through work, but he worked round the clock to ensure that justice was done to the study within limits imposed by this time and other constraints.
2. Finance constraints: Another limit to this study is finance, this study was carried out when the economy of the nation was so distressed which created more hardship in form of increased prices of books, writing materials and transport fares among other adverse effects which constituted great financial burden to the researchers.

         However, it will be ensured that this project stand the test of time in view of its usefulness as efforts has been made to combat this limitations.

1.9    Definition of Terms

         The following terms used in this study should be taken to mean the following:

Workers: Are organized persons’ employed to work in an organization (Daris 2001). An employee is someone hired by an employer under a contract of employment of performance work on a regular basis.

Wages: A total earning a worker receives for the performance of services within a period of time.

Productivity: is the increase efficiency and the rate at which the output are produced.

Morale: is the spirit and state of mind of workers. It conditions the attitude and behaviour of individuals towards their work.

Organization: is the collection of people who came together to achieve a common goal with rules and regulations guiding them.

Public Service: It is an organized body or agency responsible for carrying out the day to day activities of the government.  For the purpose of this study, public service is a government agency billed

Therefore, the strategies for improving workers morale and productivity in an organization simply means better pay and conditions for an increase in output.

1.10 Organization of the Study

Chapter one of this study introduced the background of the study, statement of the problem, Research questions, purpose of the study, significance of the study, scope of the study,  limitations of the study, Definition of terms, and organization of the study.

Chapter two of this study introduced the literature review and the theoretical framework for the study.

Chapter three of this study, presented the research methodology which are Research Design, Area of the study, population of the study, sample and sampling techniques, methods of data collection, instruments for data collection, Reliability of the instruments, validity of the instruments, Distribution and Retrieval of instruments, and methods of data analysis.

Chapter four of this study, gave the data presentation, Analysis of Research questions and interpretation of results of the study.

Chapter five of this study, offered a summary and discussion of the researchers findings, conclusion, implications for practice and recommendations for future research of the study.